The study of these properties was conducted as follows. For all questionnaire items with known socionic profiles (obtained through experiments with questionnaires), a criterion was calculated equal to the weighted sum of Di and Se values. Specifically:

= 1.00 * Di + 0.66 * Se

Di was given a greater weight in this sum because we wanted Di to play no less a role in the selected properties than Se.

As a result, from a set of 11 thousand questionnaire items, the top 164 items with the highest values of this criterion were selected (no other selection, including semantic selection, was performed).

Then, taking into account the actual meaning of these items and the intercorrelations between them, they were divided into the following 23 semantic clusters:

1. GRAVITATION TOWARDS SERVICE IN SECURITY FORCES
2. ENDURANCE TO PAIN, FEARLESSNESS, PLUS IT’S NOT CUSTOMARY TO COMPLAIN
3. IDEALIZATION OF HIERARCHICAL SUBORDINATION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY WITH THE POWERLESSNESS OF THE GENERAL POPULATION (THE SUPERIOR IS ALWAYS RIGHT)
4. OPPONENT OF POLITICAL PLURALISM, FREEDOM OF SPEECH, AND FREE INFORMATION
5. THE STATE IS EVERYTHING, THE INDIVIDUAL IS NOTHING
6. GREAT-IMPERIAL CHAUVINISM WITH HATRED TOWARDS ANY CRITICISM OF "OWN" STATE AND LEADERSHIP, ISOLATIONISM, APOLOGETISe OF THE IDEA OF A FORTRESS-STATE SURROUNDED ON ALL SIDES BY HOSTILE ENEMIES
7. IDEALIZATION OF THE RIGHT OF THE STRONG, THE TRIUMPH OF STRENGTH OVER ANY WEAKNESS
8. MILITARISM
9. IDEALIZATION OF AUTHORITARIAN AND TOTALITARIAN MODELS OF THE STATE
10. WHOEVER IS NOT WITH US IS AGAINST US
11. EVERYONE MUST WORK ON THEIR OWN PATCH AND NOT STICK OUT, OBEY WITHOUT QUESTIONING, NOT SEEK INFORMATION BEYOND THEIR WORK CELL
12. CRUELTY, ANTI-HUMANISM
13. INSTILLING FEAR IN SOCIETY AS A PRIORITY GOVERNANCE METHOD
14. MACHIAVELLIANISM, MANIPULATION, TREATING PEOPLE ONLY AS MEANS TO AN END, DISPOSABLE MATERIAL
15. PRIORITIZATION OF RESPECT FOR PHYSICAL QUALITIES - STRENGTH AND DEXTERITY
16. IDEALIZATION OF A SOCIETY BUILT ON MILITARY ORDERS AND TOTAL TOP-TO-BOTTOM CONTROL
17. NATIONALISM
18. CONSERVATISM, ANTI-PROGRESSIVISM, TRADITIONALISM
19. BLACK-AND-WHITE THINKING, INCAPABLE OF SEEING NUANCES - ABSOLUTENESS, AUTHORITARIAN INDISPUTABILITY OF THINKING, LIMITED CAPACITY FOR DIALOGUE
20. JUSTIFICATION OF USURPATION AND GREED (SINCE THE ONE WHO HAS POWER HAS ALL THE RIGHTS)
21. PREFERENCE FOR FORCEFUL PRESSURE, STRENGTH, THREATS, AND BLACKMAIL AS METHODS OF SOLVING ANY ISSUE
22. ABLE TO INTIMIDATE WITH A GLANCE AND SILENCE
23. LOVE OF POWER

Table 1. Di+Se

1) GRAVITATION TOWARDS SERVICE IN POWER STRUCTURES

1. I would enjoy professional military service if it paid well.
2. I would enjoy military service.
3. If a man is not a warrior, then he is not a man.
4. If I had twenty million dollars, I would be willing and happy to lose exactly half of that money, just to have the rank and position of a colonel in influential law enforcement agencies protecting state secrets and security.

2) ENDURANCE TO PAIN, FEARLESSNESS, PLUS IT'S NOT ACCEPTED TO COMPLAIN

1. I think that compared to others, I have greater endurance to physical pain.
2. I have noticed that I tolerate pain better than others - I easily endure insect bites, can hold hot objects with bare hands, and I’m fine with injections.
3. I can do physical work for a long time without feeling or noticing fatigue.
4. I can live completely without comfort, and even if I have a very hard time, I will never complain.
5. Probably, if necessary, I could sew up a wound on my leg myself without any anesthesia.
6. I am stress-resistant; I can endure heavy nervous strain for a long time without much fatigue or any ailments.
7. For a good reward or as a "test of endurance," I could probably pierce my palm through with a metal needle (of course, after disinfecting the needle).
8. I think I could easily walk barefoot on hot coals for a bet.
9. I tolerate pain better than others.
10. I can withstand all sorts of unpleasant or painful sensations better and longer than others - maybe I’m just more indifferent to them.
11. I am a fearless person.
12. It is true that I am practically never afraid of anything.
13. In a dangerous situation, I behave deliberately calmly and coolly; a warning about danger does not cause fear in me but rather interest and a desire to test myself.
14. If misunderstandings arise with another person, I would definitely not complain to anyone - I would resolve the problem one-on-one, "by the code" and according to the code of honor.
15. I follow the rule of never complaining about feeling unwell: no one will pity you, but you’ll lose respect.

3) IDEALIZATION OF HIERARCHICAL SUBORDINATION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY WITH THE POWERLESSNESS OF THE MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION (THE SUPERIOR IS ALWAYS RIGHT)

1. The dreams of some people about equal opportunities for all seem silly and even disgusting to me.
2. Proper power must be built "from top to bottom," and talk about democracy is for the weak-minded.
3. Usually, there is more harm from those who undermine the authority of leadership than from those who hide the truth in the name of public calm.
4. In my opinion and taste, there is too much equality in modern society.
5. There are people, sometimes called the intelligentsia, who try to teach us that we should think for ourselves, have our own understanding, and be able to express our own point of view. And that, supposedly, different views and every point of view matter. But replacing all this nonsense with the word "smart-assery" shows these people their true worth.
6. If I had the necessary power, I would crush everyone who disagrees with me.
7. If society had no vertical power structure and everyone were truly equal forever, life would be very boring.
8. A person destined by birth to be a servant to superiors must accept their fate.
9. If a society has no masters and obedient subjects, life in such a society is boring.
10. Freethinking in the family is unacceptable; there must always be one main authority whose word is final.
11. In any group, there must be a "senior in rank."
12. The only fair system is a system of subordination, not equality.
13. I believe that serfdom in Russia (before 1861) had more good than bad.
14. There were many positive aspects to Russian serfdom, which Russia lost for a long time after its abolition.
15. There was nothing particularly bad about slavery for slaves - they were free from decisions and problems.

4) OPPONENT OF POLITICAL PLURALISM, FREEDOM OF SPEECH, AND FREE INFORMATION

1. Censorship is justified if the press interferes with the interests of state power.
2. A country will not be strong and respected in the world if it allows too much dissent.
3. There should not be too much variety in behavioral stereotypes and behavior patterns among people - such variety harms public stability and state power.
4. I believe the legislature often follows liberal agendas and gives people too much freedom.

5) THE STATE IS EVERYTHING, THE INDIVIDUAL IS NOTHING

1. Obviously, citizens should ideally be subordinate elements of their state, "cogs" in a large well-functioning machine.
2. The world of any individual is only a part of the overall fate of the state, nothing more.
3. Restricting individuals for the sake of the collective is always justified.
4. I believe that the importance and value of individual interests are often exaggerated - because one person is always just part of a whole made up of many people.
5. I believe that individual interests are nothing compared to the interests of the nation and tribe.
6. The people with their collective self-awareness are above any individuality.
7. I highly respect cultures where the interests of the clan and the opinions of elders are the law for everyone.

6) GREAT IMPERIAL CHAUVINISM WITH HATRED OF ANY CRITICISM OF "YOUR" STATE AND LEADERSHIP, ISOLATIONISM, APOLOGETISe OF THE FORTRESS-STATE SURROUNDED BY HOSTILE ENEMIES

1. If a scientific discovery is important, it should remain only in the home country.
2. Fearing war or constantly calling for friendship with other powers is the road to defeatism and betrayal.
3. There are and must always be enemies, in almost any situation and any group.
4. The main goal is the triumph of my nation over others, less capable peoples.
5. Spreading hostility toward potential enemies and fear of state power is a useful measure to strengthen a good state.
6. Propaganda should instill in people a readiness for heroism.
7. My country is always right by definition.
8. My ideal states are the great empires of the past: Alexander the Great’s Empire, the Roman Empire, Napoleon’s Empire.

7) IDEALIZATION OF THE RIGHT OF THE STRONG, THE TRIUMPH OF STRENGTH OVER ANY WEAKNESS

1. A wolf could easily be my profile picture emblem - it knows how to stand up for itself.
2. Supporting the weak is harmful, the strongest should win in life.
3. So-called "hazing" is normal for the army, it should be controlled but not eliminated.
4. I hate weaklings.
5. Fulfilling someone’s requests too easily is usually humiliating.
6. I know how to "put weak and useless people in their place."
7. A general would make a better minister than a scientist.
8. Everything unfit for life and weak must be eradicated.
9. I more often feel like a hunter than a hunted victim.
10. I enjoy watching one-on-one fights between people of my gender.
11. I like it when people depend on me and feel obliged.
12. Every interaction is always a struggle to dominate.
13. Let the will to power grow and triumph, let the weak and ugly perish.

8) MILITARISM

1. The greatest feats are military.
2. Military valor is one of the main human virtues.
3. Soldiers are more needed by the people than scientists.
4. Victorious war is better than bad peace.

9) IDEALIZATION OF AUTHORITARIAN AND TOTALITARIAN GOVERNANCE MODELS

1. An ideal monarchy is better than an ideal republic.
2. I like the rule of a strong hand, even if some people scream about various violations.
3. Autocratic rule is better than any democracy.
4. Society needs strict and even fierce leaders.
5. A monarchy is better than a republic in most cases.
6. I support state power that would be a "strong hand" authority.
7. In my opinion, absolute monarchy is better than constitutional monarchy.
8. In a good society, there must be a single ruler.

10) WHOEVER IS NOT WITH US IS AGAINST US

1. I most often follow the principle: "who is not with us is against us."
2. Sympathy for a country competing with your homeland or a company competing with your employer is already betrayal.
3. I am a team player - for me, there are always "ours" and "theirs."
4. I always evaluate people first and foremost by whether they are "one of us" or "one of them."
5. If you don’t belong to a group of people bound by personal loyalty to their leader, you won’t achieve anything in life.

11) EVERYONE SHOULD WORK IN THEIR OWN DESIGNATED AREA AND NOT STICK THEIR NOSE WHERE IT DOESN'T BELONG, OBEY WITHOUT QUESTIONING, AND NOT STRIVE TO OBTAIN INFORMATION OUTSIDE THEIR WORK ROLE

1. I like the saying: "Every cricket should know its hearth."
2. In society, everyone should know only what is appropriate for their status, and nothing more.
3. A subordinate should not know the purpose of the orders given to them.
4. People should receive strictly limited information based on their role and position in society.
5. The general public should only know what is appropriate for them to know.
6. I know how to follow orders without questioning them.
7. I would like it if employees in banks, post offices, and similar places wore uniforms.
8. Representatives of different social groups should remain within their own social groups without mixing.
9. It is harmful and pointless to give the masses excess education that is not directly required for their profession.

12) CRUELTY, ANTI-HUMANISM

1. Probably, by nature, I am more cruel than others.
2. Ideas of humanism only corrupt people.
3. I would allow gladiator fights to the death for public entertainment.
4. During sexual games, I enjoy humiliating my partner.
5. Under equal conditions, I could work as a debt collector, extracting debts by force.
6. I am more in favor of increasing criminal sentences rather than reducing them.

13) INSTILLING FEAR IN SOCIETY AS A PRIORITY MANAGEMENT METHOD

1. The more fear in society, the more prosperity and order in it.
2. Sometimes I enjoy seeing fear in others.
3. If people live without fear of punishment, they usually turn into lawless animals.
4. Sometimes I enjoy driving someone into despair.

14) MACHIAVELLIANISM, MANIPULATIVENESS, ATTITUDE TOWARDS PEOPLE ONLY AS MEANS TO ACHIEVE A CERTAIN GOAL, DISPOSABLE MATERIAL

1. I have strong willpower, excellent practicality, I know how to manage my own emotions and manipulate the emotions of others.
2. I know how to pursue my goal, completely trampling on the interests of others.
3. I know how to apply pressure to the weak points of my opponent and I enjoy doing it.
4. One way or another, I know how to make other people do what I need.
5. I value not people's sympathies (they come and go), but rather a stable system of useful acquaintances and connections.

15) PRIORITIZING PERSONAL RESPECT FOR PHYSICAL QUALITIES OF PEOPLE - STRENGTH AND AGILITY

1. I was more accurate than others at shooting a basketball into the hoop.
2. I can and enjoy playing active sports games requiring quick reactions for long periods without tiring.
3. I enjoy engaging in heavy sports.
4. I have a good "throw" - when I swing, I can throw a rock, ball, snowball, or spear farther than my peers.
5. I would enjoy doing sports climbing.

16) IDEALIZATION OF A SOCIETY BUILT ON MILITARY ORDER AND TOTAL TOP-DOWN CONTROL

1. I would really suit a job as an inspector controlling compliance with some regulations.
2. I am a strong-willed and authoritative person who achieves goals not by rushing but through patience, consistency, and precision.
3. The closer the structure of civil society is to the structure of the army, the healthier, stronger, and more resilient the society will be.
4. I like creating a clear and strictly hierarchical system of subordination.
5. The best way to motivate people to work well in production is through fines and payroll deductions.

17) NATIONALISM

1. The call of blood is the strongest instinct in a person.
2. The most dangerous people for the state are those who pollute the national soil with the weeds of cosmopolitanism.
3. Slogans of internationalism are always either a deception or sheer stupidity.
4. There are nations that are dangerous to my nation and wish it harm.
5. It is better to be a nationalist than an internationalist-cosmopolitan.
6. National values are more important and higher than so-called "universal" values.

18) CONSERVATISM, ANTI-PROGRESSIVISM, TRADITIONALISM

1. It is better to accidentally suppress something innovative than to allow chaos.
2. I dislike when something new is introduced without direct necessity.
3. I am distinguished by the fact that in my clothes and accessories, everything must look (and usually does look) like expensive classiSe, without signs of mass-market cheapness or garishness.
4. I love rigid structures that do not allow any changes within their framework.
5. My key set of concepts: "us and them," ethiSe, secrecy, dignity, will, meticulousness, thrift, moral purity, judgment, preservation of traditions, caution, order, proven methods, simplicity, and concreteness.
6. I would prefer the job of a sanitary inspector (in terms of character and job content) more than that of an architect.

19) BLACK-AND-WHITE THINKING, LACKING SHADES OF GREY - UNAMBIGUITY, AUTHORITARIAN INFLEXIBILITY OF THINKING, LIMITED CAPACITY FOR DIALOGUE

1. My assessments of events are usually unambiguous and allow no doubts.
2. My gaze is usually direct, firm, and impenetrable at the same time.
3. My tone of voice is almost always firm, as if stating something long known.
4. There is always only one true explanation for what is happening.

20) JUSTIFICATION OF USURPATION AND SELF-INTEREST (BECAUSE THE ONE WITH POWER DESERVES ALL RIGHTS)

1. The triumph of the strong over the weak is a normal and quite acceptable foundation of life.
2. If five people initially form an equal cooperative, it would be right if the strongest one eventually takes over and starts running everything.
3. "Who dares, wins" is normal and correct.
4. Usurping power at the first opportunity is more normal and natural than not.
5. Everyone will try to establish their personal dictatorship in society if given the chance.

21) PREFERENCE FOR FORCEFUL PRESSURE, POWER, THREATS AND BLACKMAIL AS METHODS OF SOLVING ANY ISSUE

1. I like acting with aggression, strength, and threats.
2. I know how to use fear to influence people.
3. I like expressions such as "relentless energy," "cold determination," "brute force."
4. I am simultaneously decisive, goal-oriented, and distrustful - I thoroughly test people and enjoy fully subordinating them to my influence.
5. I derive pleasure from others' hostility - hatred means fear and respect, and I like being feared and respected.
6. When I manage to achieve something from another person through forceful pressure, it is usually satisfying.
7. I like being feared.
8. I am aggressive, tend to resolve problems with people through threats, and find it difficult to maintain smooth, conflict-free relationships with others.
9. Violence is an acceptable method for solving many problems.
10. I like being feared.
11. Sometimes I find satisfaction in others' fear.
12. To instill the right ideas into people's heads, violence is useful and necessary.

22) ABLE TO PRESSURE WITH A GLANCE AND SILENCE

1. I know how to "press" with silence.
2. With my gaze, I seem to "strip" my opponent, weighing and assessing the balance of power.
3. I often "strip" people with my gaze, testing their resilience.
4. I have a sharp, piercing, sometimes heavy gaze.

23) LOVE OF POWER

1. I know how to view and use human material as a means in the struggle for power.
2. I would very much fit the role of a leader in a large, strictly organized system.
3. I would enjoy being a manager or overseer on a 19th-century coffee plantation.
4. My calling is to be the master.
5. The power to subordinate and command is needed not for any particular purpose - it is enjoyable in itself.
6. I need leadership, not brotherhood.
7. My greatest pleasure comes from breaking someone’s resistance.
8. The sweetest thing in life is power over others.
9. My mind is primarily focused on career advancement and the conquest of power.
10. I have a strong and authoritarian character that demands total obedience from those around me.

Discussion of the results

Although the selection of questionnaire items was made exclusively according to the criterion of the maximum value in the question profile equal to Di + 0.66*Se, the first place in the final functional profile of the selected questions according to this criterion was nevertheless taken by Se. This is understandable - among personal factors, declatimity has a smaller variance in magnitude than sensorics, hence the smaller variance of questim–declatim functions compared to intuitive–sensory ones, including Se. But Di was not far behind. Symmetrically reduced into a deeply negative area are Ne and Qi, which is also understandable and quite predictable, as is the slight increase in the "cheerful" functions and the decline in the values of “serious” functions. The fact is that the combination of high Di and Se is characteristic only of the second quadra, where both Ne with Qi and Te with Fi are unvalued. Clear leadership in the trait, practically at the same level (with a slight advantage for LSI), is shown in the obtained averaged profiles of all 162 selected items by the types LSI and SLE. People with high scores in this property are particularly drawn to work in law enforcement structures – intelligence agencies, police, army. Hence, the cluster complex as a whole can be considered an averaged group characteristic of the so-called “siloviki” (a term that took root in Russia but has long since crossed its borders). We will not go into a detailed breakdown and discussion of these characteristics – the list itself is quite illustrative. In our view, from it follows, in particular, the danger of any power structure that has lost independent civil oversight over its activities turning into a purely mafia-like organization pursuing exclusively its own corporate interests. Moreover, these interests obviously contradict the norms of democracy and therefore stand in stark contrast to the interests of civil society as a whole.

Due to these properties, in a hypothetical situation where suddenly power structures find themselves above society and at its head, determining both internal and external policy, society inevitably turns into an authoritarian or totalitarian dictatorship with a pronounced criminal undertone within its own country and with aggressive militaristic ambitions toward neighbors. Thus, the country falls out of the generally accepted traditional rules of international coexistence, loses its international cultural authority and internal scientific-educational potential, thereby devaluing, in particular, its past efforts to occupy a worthy place in world trade and international industrial-technological cooperation. In addition, the standard of living inevitably declines. First, the inevitable economic lag and drop in average living standards become consequences of the growing social inequality under the rule of the siloviki, which inevitably harms the economy. Second, the new elites simply lose interest in production, which in general is not among their priority values - in foreign policy they emphasize the arms race and imperial revanchism (the arms race destroys the country’s economy), while in domestic life their focus shifts to parasitism and “protection rackets” over the still-working economy, leading not to its development but to its destruction due to the constant internal struggle for redistribution of spheres of influence among power clans.

The listed Di+Se properties have several more unpleasant consequences specifically for legality and law and order if these Di+Se traits become values and skills of the entire law enforcement system of the country. First, the principle of selective law enforcement begins to triumph (“everything for friends, the law for enemies”). Second, the laws themselves begin to take on an increasingly vague form, allowing broad possibilities for arbitrary interpretation - for the equally arbitrary purpose of their application. Finally, falsification of criminal cases becomes widespread practice (the triumph of the principle of political expediency - due to the contempt of the Di+Se complex for the personal interests of other people and due to the weakness of Qi, which demands legality and equal justice for all). And even then, it is still relatively good if falsifications are carried out only for collective political purposes (“in the name of the state,” albeit with a rather peculiar understanding of state interests), and not merely to serve someone’s personal career advancement within the system (which, in fact, happens much more often).

Why does the combination of Di with Se produce all the above-listed traits? Di+Se is the "essence" of the group territorial-pack instinct - the behavioral complex still vividly observed today in primate packs (baboons, chimpanzees, monkeys). There is a clear group hierarchy, which is first established through competition in strength (specifically strength, not other merits) and then remains stable for a long time. In accordance with the hierarchy, there is a division of roles in the pack. The pack guards its territory, as well as attacks outsiders, kills them, and takes their prey. One can argue about what role this instinct played in the evolution of primates and Homo sapiens, but the fact remains that in the conditions of modern human civilization, it hinders progress rather than helps.

Why are people with a strongly expressed territorial-pack instinct drawn to work in law enforcement structures? Because the professional demands of such structures correspond most closely to the values and skills of this instinct - including unquestioning submission to hierarchy, discipline, aggression toward outsiders, will to power, and the desire to raise one’s personal hierarchical status in the pack.

Where does the high tolerance for pain come from here? Its connection with Se is clear, but what does Di have to do with it? The fact is that declatimity (the opposite of questimity) means a weakening of the activity of the cortex of the so-called central lobe of the brain (“insula”), that is, the so-called insular cortex of the brain. And the insular cortex is responsible, among other things, for increased sensitivity to pain, cold, and, more broadly, for the body’s internal homeostasis. It is also closely connected with individualism, the awareness of one’s own “distinctness” in contrast to other individuals, as well as with the instinct of self-preservation (avoidance of pain, dirt, infection, any filth, the feeling of disgust - all these things are closely associated with heightened activity of the insular cortex, that is, with questimity, which Di, of course, lacks). Thus, within the framework of the pack instinct, Di works to reduce the value of a single individual life - including one’s own.

As an illustration of the research results, we recommend watching a video lecture in which the author, who is in no way familiar with our study, analyzes the group psychological traits of the so-called "siloviki" using the traditions of the Soviet KGB as an example. Interestingly, without knowing our experimental results and relying solely on personal observations, the author nonetheless comes to very similar conclusions regarding the prevailing psychological traits in their group. The political positions of the author of the lecture should not concern us here; only the factual material he presents is important.

APPENDIX:

“About Saint Francis’s Garden Bed” - An interesting analysis of the psychology of white declatimity in the central quadras: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-smbWcUt62w